Occurrence and remission of loss of sensitivity of inferior alveolar nerve in mandibular fractures

ABSTRACT Purpose: to evaluate the occurrence of loss of sensitivity of the inferior alveolar nerve, and to monitor the remission of this change in patients with mandibular fractures subjected to surgical treatment. Methods: patients with mandibular fractures, surgically treated within one year, were prospectively evaluated. Data regarding etiology, fracture location, type and displacement, and surgical access, were obtained. The tactile and thermal tests were applied at eighteen points in the mental region, within a period of six months. Statistical tests were applied to compare the categories of variables and the period of observation (p ≤ 0.050). Results: during the study, 37 patients were included. There were 24 bilateral and 13 unilateral fractures. Sensory changes occurred in 56.8% of the patients in the preoperative period, in 83.8% of the patients, in the postoperative period, and 35.1% of the patients presented complete remission during the final period of the study. Conclusion: sensory changes occurred in about half of the patients, due to the fracture, increasing greatly in the postoperative period, with complete remission in about one third of the cases. The fracture type, degree of displacement and surgical access type influenced the occurrence of sensory alterations.

Utilização de monofilamentos para avaliação sensorial em pacientes com sequela de Acidente Vascular Encefálico (AVE) - uma revisão sistemática / Use of monofilaments for sensory evaluation in patients with sequelae of stroke - a systematic review

FUNDAMENTO: A estesiometria é um teste quantitativo para avaliar o desempenho tátil sensorial, verificar o grau de sensibilidade cutânea por meio dos monofilamentos de nylon ao toque leve e à pressão. OBJETIVO: Verificar a utilização dos monofilamentos como instrumento de avaliação da sensibilidade de pacientes com sequela de AVE na literatura. MÉTODO: Estudo de revisão sistemática, realizado com artigos indexados na base de dados PubMed, Lilacs e Scielo, sem limitação por data de publicação, sendo a busca realizada no mês de outubro de 2018. RESULTADOS: Foram elencados dezessete estudos, após análise destes, nove foram excluídos por não preencherem os critérios de inclusão, e oito foram lidos na íntegra. Após leitura dos artigos, foram obtidos os dados referentes a: número da amostra, instrumentos de avaliação, se houve ou não intervenção, e a conclusão do estudo. CONCLUSÃO: Por mais promissor que seja o uso dos monofilamentos para avaliação sensorial, esta revisão mostrou que existem poucos estudos avaliando os pacientes com sequela de AVE com este método de avaliação, principalmente estudos clínicos.

BACKGROUND:The esthesiometry is a quantitative test to evaluate the tactile sensory performance, to verify the degree of cutaneous sensitivity through nylon monofilaments to light touch and pressure. OBJECTIVE: To verify the use of monofilaments as a tool to assess the sensitivity of patients with a sequel to stroke in the literature. METHOD: A systematic review study was carried out with articles indexed in the PubMed, Lilacs and Scielo database, without limitation by date of publication. The search was carried out in October 2018. RESULTS: Seventeen studies were analyzed, after analyzing nine were excluded because they did not meet the inclusion criteria, and eight were read in full. After reading the articles, data were obtained regarding: sample number, evaluation instruments, whether or not there was intervention, and the conclusion of the study. CONCLUSION: As promising as it may be the use of monofilaments for sensory evaluation, this review showed that there are few studies evaluating patients with sequelae of stroke with this method of evaluation, mainly clinical studies.

Sensitive skin: review of an ascending concept

Abstract: Sensitive skin is a condition characterized by stinging, burning and itching sensations. The diagnosis, pathophysiology and treatment of sensitive skin are still under discussion. In the last years, studies on its epidemiology have been performed, showing a high prevalence and impact on quality of life. Brazilian population was also considered in these studies. Cosmetics, climate changes and skin barrier impairment are the main factors that contribute for skin hyperreactivity. New studies are trying to bring new knowledge about the theme. This review will describe data on epidemiology, triggering factors, pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment.

Influence of a 60 Hz, 3 µT, electromagnetic field on the somatic maturation of wistar rat offspring fed a regional basic diet during pregnancy / Influência do campo eletromagnético de 60 Hz, 3 µT, na maturação somática de filhotes de ratos wistar alimentados pela dieta básica regional durante a prenhez

The aim of the present study was to observe how the exposition of pregnant rats to an electromagnetic field (EMF), with frequency of 60 Hz, and a magnetic field of 3 µT for 2 hours per day and/or using the so-called Regional Basic Diet (RBD), influenced the somatic maturation in their offspring. Four groups were formed: Group A (casein), B (casein and EMF), C (RBD) and D (RBD and EMF). The diet manipulation occurred during pregnancy. The somatic maturation indexes - assessed daily between 12:00 AM and 2:00 PM - were: Eye Opening (EO), Auricle Opening (AO), Auditory Canal Opening (ACO), Low Incisor Eruption (LIE), and Upper Incisor Eruption (UIE). The association between EMF and deficient diet caused a delay in all Somatic Maturation Indexes (SMI) and the RBD caused delay only in the AO. Furthermore, the EMF caused delay in AO, ACO, LIE. In relation to the body weight, the EMF associated with the deficient diet caused change in the twenty-first day of life. The RBD, during pregnancy, caused lower body weight in the offspring in the first and third day of life. The body weight of the offspring whose mothers were fed casein and exposed to the EMF during pregnancy was lower in the third and sixth day of life. In conclusion, the EMF associated with under-nutrition caused delay in all SMI. In relation to the body weight, the EMF associated with under-nutrition caused a decrease in the body weight at the sixth day of life.

O objetivo deste estudo foi observar a influência do campo eletromagnético (CEM), com freqüência de 60Hz, campo magnético de 3 µT, durante 2 horas por dia, associado ou não à dieta básica regional (DBR) no desenvolvimento somático da prole. Quatro grupos foram formados: Grupo A (caseína), B (caseína e CEM), C (DBR) e D (DBR e CEM). A manipulação dietética ocorreu durante a prenhez. Os índices de maturação somática - Abertura dos Olhos (AO), Abertura do Pavilhão Auditivo (APA), Abertura do Conduto Auditivo (ACA), Erupção do Incisivo Inferior (EII), e Erupção do Incisivo Superior (EIS) - foram avaliados diariamente entre 12 e 14 horas. A associação entre o CEM e a dieta deficiente causou retardo em todos os índices de maturação somática (IMS) e a DBR causou retardo somente na APA. O CEM causou retardo na APA, ACA, EII. Em relação ao peso corporal, o CEM associado à dieta deficiente causou mudanças no 21º dia de vida. A DBR, durante a prenhez, causou diminuição do peso corporal dos filhotes no 1º e no 3º dia de vida. O peso corporal dos filhotes, cujas mães foram alimentadas pela caseína e expostas ao CEM, durante a prenhez, apresentaram uma diminuição no 3º e 6º dia de vida. Conclusão: o CEM, associado com a desnutrição, causou retardo em todos os IMS. Em relação ao peso corporal, o CEM, associado à desnutrição, causou uma diminuição no peso corporal no 6º dia de vida.

Vulnerability to somatic symptoms in adulthood as a result of abused childhood

The research was conducted to investigate the vulnerability to somatic symptoms in adulthood as a result of abused childhood. In the light of literature review, it was hypothesized that adults who had been abused in childhood will be more vulnerable to somatic symptoms as compared to those adults who had not been abused in childhood. In order to measure abused childhood, a checklist questionnaire was prepared after conducting pilot study, where as Symptoms Assessment - 45 scale was selected for measuring somatic symptoms of adults. The sample for the present research comprised of ninety seven [97] adults, 50 males and 47 females. Their ages ranged between 18 to 26years. Checklist questionnaire and SA-45 administered on a large population, than on the basis of cut off scores non abused and abused groups were identified. t-test and other descriptive statistics were applied for analyzing the data. For interpreting the results, 0.05 level of significance was set. The hypotheses have significantly proved [f=4.909, df= 95, p< 0.001] that the adults who had been abused in childhood have somatic symptoms later in life as compared to those adults who had not been abused in childhood

Comparison of morbidity following the removal of mandibular third molar by lingual split, surgical bur and simplified split bone technique.

BACKGROUND: The methods frequently used for surgical removal of impacted third molars are bur technique, lingual split and simplified split bone technique. The morbidity rates following the use of these different surgical techniques are not completely resolved. The use of a surgical method with minimum postoperative complication is needed. AIM: This study was conducted to compare the morbidity rates of the three different surgical techniques and their efficacy with regard to postoperative pain, swelling, labial and lingual sensation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ninety patients with a symptomatic impacted mandibular third molar with the age range of 14-62 years were divided into three groups of 30 patients each for surgical bur technique, lingual split technique and simplified split bone technique. All patients were operated by the same surgeon under local anesthesia (2% lignocaine) in the dental chair. The severity of pain and swelling was recorded on a visual analogue scale and the presence or absence of sensory disturbance at 6, 24, 48 hours and seven days after operation. The pain was scored according to a visual analogue 4-point scale. Patients were asked to indicate which side was more swollen and to record this assessment on the swelling scale. RESULTS: Lingual split technique was more painful than the other two techniques. Surgical bur technique had more swelling than the other two techniques. Labial and lingual sensations were not altered in all the techniques. CONCLUSION: The simplified split bone technique had the least morbidity than the lingual split and surgical bur technique.